Muhammad Rayyan 2026. The Security Challenges in E-Governance Systems of Pakistan: Risks, Vulnerabilities, and Solutions: Pakistan’s digital government ambitions are rapidly increasing, but beneath the vibrant portals and mobile apps lies a fragile security infrastructure, vulnerable to threats of data theft, fraud, and systemic failure, exposing the data of millions of citizens. PakTech Today. 1, 6 (Jun. 2026), 134–139.