Malik, S. 2026. Is Pakistan Ready to Export AI, or Just the Talent That Builds It Abroad? Pakistan’s National AI Policy talks about sovereign models and export revenue; meanwhile roughly 11,000 engineers left the country for work in a single year, and the industry’s own leaders warn that AI training budgets risk turning into brain-drain subsidies unless retention is built in from day one. PakTech Today. 1, 11 (Jul. 2026), 292–294.