Malik, S. Is Pakistan Ready to Export AI, or Just the Talent That Builds It Abroad? Pakistan’s National AI Policy Talks about Sovereign Models and Export Revenue; Meanwhile Roughly 11,000 Engineers Left the Country for Work in a Single Year, and the industry’s Own Leaders Warn That AI Training Budgets Risk Turning into Brain-Drain Subsidies Unless Retention Is Built in from Day One. PakTech 2026, 1, 292-294.